No, you cannot play as Super Sonic freely on any level in Sonic the Hedgehog (2006) for the PlayStation 3.
While Super Sonic is a playable character, he is only accessible during specific story sequences—typically the final boss encounter—after collecting all seven Chaos Emeralds. There is no option to select him for regular stages or to use him at will in the level select menu.
If you have other questions about Sonic games, feel free to ask!