You cannot play original Xbox game discs on an Xbox 360. The two consoles use fundamentally different architectures.
You can play Xbox 360 games on Xbox One and Xbox Series X|S via Microsoft's backward compatibility program. Hundreds of 360 titles are supported, often with improved performance and resolution.
For original Xbox games, your options are: the original console, a modded original Xbox, or PC emulation (e.g., Xemu).