The "4-player splitscreen glitch" in Call of Duty: Black Ops (Zombies) on Xbox 360 does not permanently damage the console, but it causes severe instability:
Xbox 360's unified 512MB RAM + Xenos GPU cannot handle rendering four 720p viewports + Zombies AI + physics simultaneously. Memory exhaustion triggers the glitch.
Repeated overheating from sustained 100% GPU/CPU load could shorten component lifespan, but the glitch itself isn't destructive. Play 2-player for stability.