The Nintendo GameCube controller does not have R3 or L3 buttons.
"R3" and "L3" refer to clicking the right and left analog sticks (pressing them down like a button). This feature debuted on the PlayStation DualShock and became standard on Xbox/PlayStation controllers later. The GameCube's analog sticks do not click.
If a modern game/port requires R3/L3 (e.g., crouch, melee, sprint), you must remap them. Common community mappings:
Check your specific emulator (Dolphin, Swiss, Nintendont) or game settings for "Controller Configuration" to assign these.