Yes, Split/Second (2010) supports Xbox 360 steering wheels. It uses the standard Xbox 360 racing wheel API (XInput + force feedback).
Split/Second was developed by Black Rock Studio (ex-Criterion) with proper wheel support. Most Xbox 360 racing games (Forza 3/4, Dirt 2/3, Grid, F1 2010–2014, Need for Speed Shift/Hot Pursuit) support the standard wheel API.
Note: Xbox One/Series wheels (Logitech G920/G923, Thrustmaster TX, Fanatec CSL DD) **do not work on Xbox 360**. Different protocol. You need an Xbox 360-era wheel.