Absolutely not. Xbox One games cannot run on Xbox 360. The hardware architectures are fundamentally incompatible:
| Aspect | Xbox 360 (2005) | Xbox One (2013) |
|---|---|---|
| CPU | PowerPC Tri-Core (Xenon) @ 3.2 GHz | x86-64 8-Core Jaguar @ 1.75 GHz |
| GPU | ATI Xenos (Unified Shaders, 10 MB eDRAM) | AMD GCN (768/1152 shaders) |
| RAM | 512 MB GDDR3 (Unified) | 8 GB DDR3 + 32 MB ESRAM |
| OS | Custom Xbox OS | Windows 10-based (Hyper-V partitions) |
| Disc | DVD-DL (8.5 GB) | Blu-ray (50 GB) / Digital |
| Instruction Set | PowerPC (Big Endian) | x86-64 (Little Endian) |
Enjoy its native library (Halo 3, Gears 2/3, Forza Horizon, Red Dead Redemption, Mass Effect trilogy, Lost Odyssey, etc.). It's a legendary console on its own merits. Don't try to force next-gen games on it.