No. 50 Cent: Bulletproof was released in November 2005 exclusively for:
The game is not backward compatible on Xbox 360. It does not appear on the official Xbox 360 Backward Compatibility list, nor was it ever re-released digitally on the Xbox Live Marketplace (which closed in July 2020).
Note: The sequel, 50 Cent: Blood on the Sand (2009), is backward compatible on Xbox 360, Xbox One, and Xbox Series X|S.