No. You use the Guitar Hero Controller — a plastic guitar-shaped peripheral included with the game bundle.
| Game | Bundled Controller | Works With |
|---|---|---|
| Guitar Hero (1) | Gibson SG (Wired) | GH1, GH2, GH3, GH:WT, GH:SH, GH5, BH, Warriors of Rock |
| Guitar Hero II | Gibson X-Plorer (Wired) / Cherry Red (Wireless) | All above |
| Guitar Hero III | Gibson Les Paul (Wireless, USB dongle) | All above + Rock Band guitars (mostly) |
| Rock Band 1/2/3 | Fender Stratocaster | GH3+ (missing Orange fret on RB1 guitar) |
No real guitar, no amp, no cables — just the plastic controller and a PS2 (or backward-compatible PS3 fat / PC via adapter).