No. PS1 controllers (DUALSHOCK, Dual Analog, original Pad) use:
Protocol: Sony proprietary serial (SIO) over 8-pin mini-DIN.
Signaling: 5V logic, no Bluetooth, no USB.
PS3 uses:
Bluetooth (Sixaxis / DualShock 3) or USB (wired).
3.3V logic.
Adapters Exist But Are Flawed
PS1 → USB Adapters (e.g., Mayflash, generic): Work on PC (emulators). Not recognized by PS3 system software. PS3 only accepts HID-class devices with specific VID/PID (Sony controllers, licensed fight sticks, keyboards).
PS2 → USB + PS2→PS3 Adapter: Same — PS3 whitelist blocks generic HID.
What Works on PS3
DualShock 3 / Sixaxis (native).
Licensed Fight Sticks: Hori, Mad Catz, Qanba (PS3 mode).
PS4/PS5 Controllers: Wired USB only (no Bluetooth pairing). Limited function (no PS button, no motion).
Keyboards / Mice: For text entry / browser — not games.
If You Want PS1 Feel
8BitDo Retro Receiver + 8BitDo SN30 Pro: Bluetooth, maps to PS3 — but not native PS1 shape.
Play PS1 Classics on PS3: Bought from PS Store → played with DualShock 3 (pressure-sensitive buttons work).
RetroArch (PS3 CFW): Map any USB controller to PS1 cores.
Original PS1 controllers are museum pieces. Use a DualShock 3 — it's the direct descendant.